Morocco: Cultural & Historical Analysis
Bedo'ki'teko p'jo'Morocco
Bot’lokwan ma’i’caani ki mi’anyim,
Pwoc’boti pi’kwanyo caa’mi’kwano lok’man. Ageno’ni i’nongo ni’kwanyo ma’dwong ki'iye. Acako coyo coc’man, i’mwoka elip-ariyo ki’pyer-ariyo-wiye-angwen, I’lobo p’Meaanjin [Brisbane], i’Australia, i’dwe mi’angwen. A’tyego i’mwoka elip-ariyo ki’pyer-ariyo-wiye-angwen, I’ngom p’Whadjuk Noongar [Perth], i’Australia, i’dwe’abongwen I: ndoopress.com.
Coc’ne obedo coc’mi’acel i’kom’adek (1/3) ma’lok i’kom Morocco. Coc’mane’ni lok’ikom tekwaro'ki bedo’i Morocco.
Ka’wa'donyo I'cuuk’madit ma'gilowongo’ni Marrakech, wa’twero ngweyo wi'deki ki'winyo dwan’dano mapol. Marrakech obedo'cuuk ma'o’caake idi'Morocco wayam'con; cuuk’ne obedo'cuuk ma’guro wi'lo’caat ki'lowot ki'kar map'pat. Cuuk'ne gi'mokene i'di'Morocco, twero’nyuto bot'wa ka'gure p'lo’loka naam'ki mi'di'desert—ka’ma kaka'p’Berber o'rwate ki’p’Arab ki'p’muni.
Morocco o'cungo i'kumalo mi’acam p'Afrika; tye’i'dyere mi'gang'wa ki’lobo'p’muni. Bedo'ne i'dyere’man, o'weko obi'bedo'doki ka'caat ki'kar'nongo'ngec mi'ryeko ki'ngec mi'wi’kaka mapat'pat'gi. Gang'gi o’cungo i'nget'naam ma'gilowongo’ni Mediterranean i'tum'cel, ki’Atlantic i'tum'mo. I'ngete'mo wa'twero'neno ka’ma'gilowongo’ni Atlas Mountains ituum'cel ki'desert ma'gilowongo’ni Sahara i'tum'moni.
Lobo'p'Morocco dwong'ki ngec'madok i’kwaro, i'coc'man wa'donyo i'ngec ma'caake i'kom'kaka p'Berbers, bino'p'mucilim ki'ker'gi, ka'wa'tyego ki'bino'p'muni mi’ngare idi'Morocco ki'lweny mi'dwoko gang'gi bot'gi i’mwaka elip'apar'aboro ocito'kwede i'mwoka elip'apar'abongwen (19 - 20th Century).
Bot’wa me’ngeyo’kwaro p’Morocco, myero’wa’caaki ki’jo ma’gilwongo’ni Berber; jo’ma gi’bedo i’kumalo mi’Afrika ma’o’nongo pwodi ngat’mo ki’ken pe’obedo i’ye, i’mwoka ma’kato elip ki’wiye (1000+). Kuta’gi lo’kwaro (archaeologist) o’ngiyo, ma’wa’caaani a’yweka p’kaka’gi pwodi’twero nen’wa i’myel’gi, wer’gi, wa’i’bedo’gi. Bedo p’Kaka’mi Berber ki’kwo’gi, o’weko’kom’caani kaka’mapol i’wilobo wang’gi o’yube i’dongo’lobo.
O’k p’mucilim i’mwaka miya’abicel (7th Century) o’kelo kor’ma loco’lega, bedo, ki’tela idi’Morocco. Bino’gi o'weko Morocco’o’neno geto, caat, ki’ngec’mapat’gini, apora'ma'wa’cito ka’neno'gini i’ker’me’Cilam’ne, bedo’p’Almoravids, Almohads, ki’Merinids. Gangi ma’dong’o caalo’Fes, obi’dwogo doki’ka’kwan ma’dit ma’kelo lo’kwan ki’wilo’Cilam ki’wilobo’duc; ma’o’jingo Morocco’doki kabedo ki’kar’kwan mape’pore.
ento, Myero’wange’ni gi’acel ma’pire tek’o’loyo, en’obedo bino’p’muni idi’Morocco i’mwaka elip’apar’aboro (19th Century). Muni’ma’gi ngare’idi Morocco obedo’France, Spain, ki’British ma’i’mwaka elip’apar’abongwen ki'wiye’apar’ariyo (1912) French ki’Spain ngare’gi o’ok wa’i’ciik (protectorate) ma’gi’coyo i’kin’gi. Cik ma’o’coyo i’kare’mi ngare’man o’loco’bedo ma’pol idi’Morocco; o’loco bedo ki’lonyo ma’pwodi nen’wa’i’caani idi’Morocco. Kero’p’jo’Morroco ki’lweny’gi mi’ryemo lo’loka i’dyere mi’mwoka elip’apar’abongwen (mid-20th Century), o’nyuto teko’ki’cwiny p’jo’mi Morocco i’kin’gi ken’gi ki’bot’wilobo ni’lobo mi’Morocco – lobo’gi.
Coc’man ma’waciito ka’donyo’iye’ni, nyuto jami’ma’pire’tek bot’wa mi’nyang’o kar’ma Morocco obino’kiye’, ki’kit ma’o’ok i’kar’ma kom’caani tye'iye.
Wa'bedo ka'lwongo'nying kaka'ma'o’bedo i'kumalo mi’Afrika'doki Berber; ento'nying'ne mane'ni pe'o’bedo nying'gi, nying’gi kikome gi'lwongo'ni Imazighen. Caako bedo'p'Imazighen i'Morocco o'loyo bedo'p’Arab ma'o'caake i'Morocco’i’nge mwoka’miya’abicel'ni (7th Century). Jo’Imazighen, wa’yam i’ter’kwaro gi'bedo’dano ma'pe'bedo kar'acel, i'nongo tum'acel’tye tum'man, tum’moni'tye i'tum'ca. Gin'acel ma'gin’duc gi’lubo kadi'ka gi'kale; o’bedo bedo'gi, i’nongo tela'gi ki'bedo’gi i'kar’mapol i'kumalo mi'Afrika lubo'kit'gi.
Tela’p'Imazighen o'yuubo’ker ma'gilowongo’ni, Mauretania, ma’wa’kom’caani tye'idi Morocco ki'tum'mo’i’Algeria. Mauretania o'bedo’ker ma’tek i'lweny ki’tela, ma’o'nongo gi’mito’medo kero’i’ker’gi, gi'yenyo kony'ki'bot jo'Roman. ento'i'Anyim, jo’Roman gi’turo'ker’ne ka'gi’loco ker’gi’i'kar'ne, ma’o'loyo gi'i'gang'gi, jo’Imazighen kero'gi o'dok'pe’oo.
Bedo'p'lo'loka caalo'Roman ki’Phoenicians o'loco’kwo p'jo'Imazighen i'yoo ma’pe'pore. Jo’Phoenicians ma'lo'ngeyo'gi ki'wot'gi ki’yeya'idi’naam, gi'yubo ka'bedo'gi i'kar'mapat’pat i'teng'naam i'kumalo mi'Afrika. O'k’gi i'Morocco pe'o'bedo nono, gi'bino ki'bedo ki'caat’gi ma'i'anyim gi'ribo'ki p'Imazighen kar'acel. Ki’kenyu, jo'Roma gi'bi'bino ki'geto ki'bedo’gi’bene. ento'Myero wa'nge'ni, jo’Imazighen’pe gi'bedo’mot ka’ye’bedo p'lo'loka’gi, gi'ngiyo'mot kit'ma o'k’ki'bedo’ne rwate’ki kit'bedo’gi ma'con pyen'gi'bedo lo'lubo'ter'kwaro’gi.
I'nge bino'p'Roman, i'mwoka miya’abic’o'cito kwede'i'mwoka miya’abiro (6th - 8th Century), jo'ma'gi'lwongo'ni Vandal ki’Byzantine gi’ok'i'Morocco. Mako'ker ma’Vandal ki’Byzantine gi'mako'ki Morocco'ni o’pungo kor'caat ki’bedo p'jo'Imazighen, i'yoo ma'o'kelo apoka'poka i'kin’gi ken'gi-ken'gi.
Loco'ker p'Roman ki’Byzantine o'kelo'aloka loka'mapol i'kumalo mi'Afrika; ma'loyo’duc o'time i’mwoka miya'abic ki'pyer'aboro’gi (580s) i’cik’manyen ma'gilowongo’ni the Exarchate of Carthage. Kare'mane’ni o'bedo’caalo ma'i’kar ma'gilowongo’ni Justinian's prefecture i'mwoka miya'abic ki'pyer'adek-wiye'adek'ni (533); kare’ma’o’guro lo'mwony ki'dano'i'kin’gang’ni.
Arab’o'mako tum’cel mi'Morocco'i’mwoka miya’abicel ki'pyer'abongwen-wiye'abic (695) lo’gang mi'Morocco caalo’wod’ker p'jo'Imazighen ma'gilowongo’ni Kahena ma'o'bino ki'got'Aurès, o’lweny’o ki’gin’matek. I'mwoka miya abicel'ki'pyer’angwen-wiye’abiro o'cito'kwede i'mwoka miya'abiro-ki’abongwen’ni (647 - 709), Arab o’mako'ker i'Morroco. Mako’ker'man o'kelo aloka’loka mapol'i'kumalo mi'Afrika ducu, caalo mako'ker mokene'ma'o'time'gi. ento, ngiyo’moka ker’p'Arab’tek bot'lokwan ki’wilobo'duc wa'kom’caani, pyen lo'kwan p'Roma ki'Arab dwan'gi'pe'rwate i'lok'ne.
I'mako'ker ma'dano’mapat'pat caalo’Roman, Phoenicians, Byzantine, gi’mako'ni, jo’Imazighen gi'gak’i'kit bedo'kwaro'gi ki'lep'tugi Tamazight’ni, mawa'i'kom’caani pwodi'gi'cungo iye'matek. Lubo'cik'gi ki'lep’gi o'nyuto teko p'jo'Imazighen ki'ngeyo jami'ma'myero o'loc’ki'jami ma'myero’ogaki.
Pire'tek mi'waco'ni, lep'p'jo'Imazighen o’caake’wayam i'kwaro'gi, ento'i'caani ki'dongo'lobo ma'tye ka'mede, lo'dito’Imazighen ki'lotino’gi tye’ka'nongo'tek me'mede i'lep'gi. Lo’kwan’gi nongo'tek me'dok i'coc’kwaro’gi; pyen’dano ma’nok o'coyo i'bedo ki'kwaro'gi.
Acaki p'Imazighen o’nyuto’ni ka'i'bedo’i'kaka, myero’i'bedi ki’teko ki'ryeko mi’ngeyo jami’ma’twero ki'jami’ma'myero o’gaki'kite. Lobo p’jo’Imazighen lo’rok ma'pol caalo'Roma, Phoenicians, ki’Byzantine, gi'mako, ento’wa'i’caani gi'gak i'lep’gi, teko'gi, ki'bedo'gi.
O’k p’Cilam i’mwoka miya’abicel (7th Century) o’bedo jami’ma’dit i’di’Morocco. Acaki p’Mucilim i’kumalo mi’Afrika, o’caake inge’mwoka pyer’abic (50 years) ma’Muhammed o'too'kwede. I’acaki’ne Arab o’mako’ker ka’gi’kelo ki’lega’gi me’Cilam. I’dyere mi’mwoka miya’aboro (8th Century); Mucilim’gi’mako kumalo’mi’Afrika i’yoo ma’p’tenye, kero’gi obi’mede kido’menu ma’inge mwoka miya’adek (3 Centuries) ma’gi’mako kwede’kumalo mi’Afrika, pol’dano o'caako’lego lega’gi.
Bino’p’Cilam o’kelo ruuk, bedo, ki’cik mapat’pat. Lep’gi, lep’Arab, o’dwogo’doki lep’me’pwony, caat, ki’cik i’yoo ma’kaki mapat’pat i'Morocco gi’nongo’kit mi’rubo’ne ki’bedo’kwaro’gi. I’nongo lega’kwaro; lo’rubo ki’p’Cilam, bedo ma’con'bene; gi’rubo ki’p’Arab. Pwony’mi’tenge p’Cilam ma’gi’lwongo’ni Khariji, ma’gi’pwonyo’ni, “tela’myero o’tel’ki’cwiny pe’pyen i’ngati’mo o’bino ki’kuta’me’tela,” o’rwate’ki tam’p’jo'Imazighen, en’kikenyo gi’ribo cing’gi ki’cwiny’gi me’medo lega’p’Cilam i’tuum’gi i’Kumalo’me’Afrika.
Mako'ker’p’Almoravid ki’Almohad, i’mwoka elip’apar-ki’elip’apar’acel (11th and 12th centuries), o’loko Morocco doki’lobo p’Cilam. Jo’Almoravid gi’bedo lo’dini me’Cilam ma’kwo gi’o’bedo i’Sahara Desert. Ker’gi o’bi’mede idi’Morocco ki’tum’cel mi’lobo’p’Spain. Cik’lega gi’tek, gi’lubo cik’p’Cilam ma’gi’lwongo’ni Malakite’orthodoxy. Ker’gi, i’mwoka elip’acel-ki’pyer’abicel’wiye’ariyo (1062), o’kelo dongo’lobo ma’pol i’Marrakech caalo’geto, caat, ki’bedo'mapat pyen'con jo'Imazighen gi'bedo'lowot. ento, Kadi'i’kar, caalo'al-Andalus i’Spain, ma’dano pe’gi'bedo lo'wot, ma’jo’Almoravid gi’cwalo lega’Cilam’ye, bedo'gi'pwodi o’loce.
Lega’Cilam i’Morocco obi’ook i’tenge ma’gi’lwongo’ni Grand Atlas, i’ker'p’Almohads. Almohads, gen’gi me’bino bot’lwak ki’lega’Cilam obi’bedo pi’tam’gi mi’lwoko’lega Cilam ki’cilo ma’tum’lega’ne mogo’o’kelo’ni. I’tam’gi, Lubanga’tye acel; bene’pe’tye ngat mo’kiken ma’pore'ki'en onyo’ma’loco’en. i’ker'p’Almohads, geto’o’mede i’Morocco caalo ma’gi’lwongo’ni: Koutoubia Mosque i’Marrakech ki’Giralda i’Seville. Geto’magi o’nyuto lengo’ki’ker p'Almohads ma’wa’i’caani pwodi’lo’uuro.
Inge’ker p’Almohads Marinid o’lube. Jo’Marinid, gi’mako'ker i’kin mwoka elip’apar’ariyo ki-pyer’abongwen’wiye’aboro wa’i’mwoka elip’apar’angwen’ki-pyer’abicel’wiye’abic (1248 - 1465). Marinid, gi’kelo kwan’ki’lengo i'Morocco. I’ker’gi, gi’yuubo kar’me’gwoko cik’ki’pwony’gi i’kar ma’gi’lwongo’ni Fez, i’kar'ca gi'loko'dok dyere’mi’kwan’gi i’di Morocco. Gang’kwan’ne ma’gi’yuubo gi’lwongo’ni Qarawiyyin University; ma'o'bedo gang’kwan ma’o’cuunge pi’kare’malac o’loyo gang’kwan mo’kiken ki’i’wilobo, bene’o’bedo gang’kwan ma’wilobo ngeyo’ni kwan’o'caako'iye. Jo’Mirinid gi’mede’ki yuubo’gang’kwan ki’kar’p’lwak mapat’pat idi’Morocco i’yoo’me mede’ngec p’Cilam ki’kwo’gi.
Ka’wadok i’jami’ma com’caani wa’neno, wa’nongo’ni o’k p’Cilam i’mwoka miya’abicel (7th Century), o’yabo’yoo ma’pol bot’Cilam me’medo pwony’ki’ker’gi idi’Morocco. Ker’p’jo’Almoravid ki’Almohad o’yaabo’geto ki’pwony, inge’gi jo’Marinid gi’mede ki’geto ki’pwony ma’o’kelo dwan’Cilam ki’kar’mapat’pat i’kar’acel.
Muni caalo’French, British, Germany, ki’Spanish o'caako’ok i'Morocco’i'kin mwoka’elip-apar'aboro ocito'kwede i'acaki'mi’elip apar'abongwen (19th - Early 20th Century). Bino'gi i'Morocco pe'o'bedo mi'wot ka'neno'nono, gi'bino'kulu pi'kar’bedo ki’jami ma'tye'i’Morocco. jo’French ki’Spanish gi’mako Morocco i’acaki’me mwoka’elip-apar'abongwen (Early 20th Century). Mak’ne o’loco jami’mapol i’Morocco; caalo bedo’gi, cik’gi, wa’kit me’caat’gi.
I’mwoka’elip-apar'abongwen ki-wiye'apar’ariyo (1912), jo’French gi’coyo’cik ma’lwongo’ni Treaty of Fes me’mako’ngom mi’Morocco, i’cik’ne won’ker me’Morocco o’ye’ni jo’French o’mak’ngom’gi. I’caa’man, jo’Spanish’bene ki’kenyo gi’mako’kumalo’me Morocco ki’tenge’mogo i’kupiny mi’Sahara. Jo’French gi’kelo’cik’ni gi’loyo’Morocco; wa’cik’ker’gi ma’con’idi’Moroco, i’tugi’ma’bi’loyo.
A’loka’loka mapol’obi’bino i’Morocco pi’bino’p’French caalo pur’manyen, geto, gudi’ki’kor’gar’gi – jami’ma’ka’i’neno kelo’dongo’lobo. ento’Pol’yuub’gi magi’weng obedo’ayub ma’kelo’lonyo bot’gi’muni kiken; jo’gang’gini gi’neno’ki wang’gi ka’lobo gi’lorok cito’ka’loyo’ne. Jami’ma kelo’lonyo i'Morocco’muni gi’caato me’kelo’lonyo’bot gi’kengi’kengi pur’manyen muni’kelo kodi’ma’dongo oyot’oyot weki’gi’caat’ne o'dong'lonyo gi'oyot'oyot. Caat’magi o’medo caan’bot lo’gang wa’kit’ma’con gi’nongo’ki lonyo’gi obi’loce’oo.
I'Morocco, bino'p'muni o'medo'a'kala kala'i'kin'kaka. Ma'muni o'bino, gi'bino ki'kwan'gi bene'gi yabo'ot'yat'gi; jami'mabeco'ma kelo'dongo'lobo, ento'pol ayub'magi'duc obedo'mi'konyo gin'kengi. Bot’French, cik'gi ma'gibino'kwede i'Morocco gi’lwongo’ni cik'me’kelo dano'kar'acel “policy of association.” I'tam'gi, cik'mane'ni o’bedo’cik mi'gwoko bedo’ma'yam'con i'Morocco, ento bedo'gi p'French mede'ameda. I'nongo'ni, cik'me’gwoko bedo'macon'ne, kelo’bedo ki'lep p'French doki'lep'me dongo'lobo, lep'ki bedo'p'jo'Morocco dong'dok doki’jami'macon.
I’kin’lweny i’wilobo (WWI-II), mo’ocaake i’mwoka elip apar’abongen-wiye’apar’aboro ocito'kwede'i’mwoka elip’apar’abongen ki’pyer’adek’wiye’abongwen (1918–1939), winye'ocaako nyute'i'kin jo’Morroco ki'French; jo’Morocco bene’gi’caako neno’lobo’gi ki’wang’me’mara, gi'ye wa'lweny'gini pi'lobo'gi.
Jo’kumalo’mi Afrika, Morocco’bene’ye, gi’lwenyo’i’tum p’French i’lweny’gi i’Europe gi’tiyo’bene i’kar’tic ma’French tiyo'iye; jami’magi o’weko jo’Morocco gi’caako’ngeyo lobo’ki’cik p’muni. I’kom’ngec’man, cwiny’mi’dwoko lobo ki'twero i'cing'gi o’caako’nyute. Ma’French gi’caako’neno time’p’jami’magi, gi’yuubo jami’mapat’pat me’yomo’cwiny jo’Morocco, caalo’yubo bot’gi ot’lega ma’gi’lwongo’ni, Paris Mosque ki’International Colonial Exhibition i’mwoka elip’apar’abongwen-ki’pyer’adek’wiye’acel (1931), ento’yub’magi pe’o’loco cwiny’jo’Morocco i’lok mi’dwoka lobo ki’twero mi’gang’gi bot’gi.
I’kin’mwoka elip’apar’abongwen-ki’pyer’ariyo’wiye’acel ocito'kwede’i’mwoka elip’apar’abongwen-ki’pyer’ariyo’wiye’abicel (1921 - 1926), jo'Imazighen gi’lwenyo lweny’ma’gi’lwongo’ni Rif War, lweny’caani o’bedo’lweny mi’ryemo lorok’ki’lobo’gi weki’cik’gi ki’twero’gi o’doki’bot’gi. I’kare’me lweny’man, jo’gang gi’neno’ni tam’mi’dongo’lobo ma’lorok’man o’bino’kwede pe’rwate’ki megi. Lo’kwan me’Morocco, gi’caako’neno bino’p’muni i’wilobo mapat’pat, gi’ngiyo’ni ka’gimito’mede ki’bedo ki’lega’gi, myero’lobo’gi odwogi’bot’gi.
Idi’mwoka elip’apar’abongwen’ki’pyer’adek (1930s) a’loka’loka ma’pol i’kom tela’ki’lonyo o’caako’nyute i’Morocco. O’loco la’tela mi’Morocco, bene’French’gi loco’latela’gi i’Morocco. I’caa’man me’loco lotela’gii, jo’Morocco’gi caako’nyuto mara’madit pi’lobo’gi. Mara’man o’kelo’ngec, kit’bedo, wa’diro mapol, caalo’yabo ka’gure ki’kacoc’mapol me’medo’ryeko ki’ngec p’jo’Morocco.
Jami’ma’o’weko jo’Morocco gi’caako cungo’matek pi’lobo’gi, o’bedo lweny’mi’ariyo ma’o’time i’Europe (World War II), I'nge lweny'ne, tela’ma’nyen i’wilobo onyute. Lo'tela'ne gi'bedo’piny ka’coyo’cik ma'gilwongo'ni, Atlantic Charter. Coc'man, o’weko jo’Morocco gi’okonyo Morocco'me diyo’cwiny’gi ka’lweny pi’lobo’gi. Jo'Morocco, I’mwoka elip’apar’abongwen’ki’pyer’angwen’wiye’angen (1944), o’gure mi’yubo The Istiqlal Party, yub’man o’guro kaka’ki’dokola mapat’pat idi’Morocco’duc i’yoo’mi dwoko’gang’gi bot’gi.
I’nge’lweny me’ariyo (WWII), wang’jo’Morocco o’yaabe’oo, pe’giye’ni munu’o’nyo ngat’mo’mapat ki’gin’o’loo’gin. Ma’munu’mi French o’neno gure’p’Morocco’man, gi’caako’nongo yoo’mi’twono’gin, ento’i’twon’ne ma’gibino’kwede, jo’Morocco bene’nyuto’megi. Wi’lobo’oneno lweny ma’Morocco lwenyo pi’lobo’gi, manok, gicako nyuto’dwang mi’cwako’jo’Morocco. I’a’cwak ma'wilobo'o'nyuto ki’lweny’ma Morocco gi'lwenyo pi'lobo'gi, i’mwoka elip’apar’abongwen ki’pyer’abic’wiye’abicel (1956), lobo’p’Morocco o’dwogo’i’cing’gi.
Ka’wa’dok ka’ngiyo’bino p’muni’gi, wa’neno’ni bino’gi o’loco’jami mapol’idi’Morooco, caalo bedo, tela, ki’lonyo. Bino’gi’bene o’weko’Morocco gi’guro kaka’ki dogola’gi mapat’pat ka’lweny mi’dwoko gang’gi bot’gi.
I’agiki, I’coc’maneni wa’neno jami’mapol ma’o’time idi’Morocco—ki'teko p’jo’Imazighen wa’i’bino p’muni—wa’pwonyo’ni te’kwaro pe’obedo pi’jami ma’o’time’kiken, ento’pi’dano ma’ocungo matek’pi’anyim’gi.
I’caani, Morocco’cungo doki’apora’bot wi’lobo’duc pi’tekwaro'gi ki’jami ma’gi’kato ki’iye, gi'bedo lobo’ma’tekwaro ki’dongo’lobo pe’diyo’lawade.
Ka’wa’pwonyo gi’moo’ki bot’Morocco, twora’acel’o’bedi diyo’cwiny kadi’ka anyim’pe’ngere, o’bedi pi’ngeyo’kwaro ki’bedo’wu ki’cungo’matek pi’ngec’ne kadi'ka lo'rac otemo'cungo i'nyim'wu mi'ruco'ngec'ne. O’bedo pi’gure kar’acel acel; weko apoka’poka, pyen’gure’aye’teko.
Kémis [خميس], wIkM.
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